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High Grown Arabica Coffee Beans

Arabica coffee beans are characterized by a distinctive flavor. In contrast to their low-elevation counterpart Robusta, which has more resistance to pests and diseases, Arabica is more susceptible.

High-grown arabica is the sought-after variety in high-end coffee shops and specialty roasters. What makes this coffee unique? Scientists have identified the reason: altitude.

High Altitudes

With a long history that stretches from Ethiopia and Yemen to lower Africa, coffee has found its way into the hearts of many, and is a large portion of global production today. While low-elevation coffee can be commercially viable and is the basis for the instant brews sold in grocery stores, serious coffee lovers seek out specialty arabica that is grown at high altitudes to elicit an even more complex flavor profile.

The mountainous regions of the world's foremost coffee producing countries--Central and South America, Southern Asia and a few Pacific Islands, and mid to southern Africa provide ideal growing conditions for the production of high-quality arabica beans. The high-elevation climate conditions are frost-free, and provide a temperate climate with an average annual temperature of 64 and 73 degrees Fahrenheit.

Cooler temperatures in the mountains slow down the process of growth for the coffee plant and allows for a more prolonged maturation process. The coffee beans can absorb flavors from the environment, resulting in an unique flavor. The prolonged maturation helps prevent the coffee bean borer, which is a tiny beetle, from infesting and eating the beans. It also helps keep out the coffee leaf miner, a moth, that inhibits photosynthesis, and can reduce productivity.

The combination of these elements contributes to a superior flavor and taste profile when as compared to lower-elevation coffees. The higher elevation coffees have a greater concentration of sweet flavors like fruit, citrus and vanilla. It is also richer and smoother than coffee that is grown lower down. Roasters love this coffee due to its sweetness, fullness of flavor and consistency.

High-grown arabica is usually called strictly high-grown (SHG) or strictly hard bean (SHB) meaning that the coffee is grown at an altitude higher than 4000 feet. Typically the beans are cultivated on volcanic soils and are organically grown or shade-grown and have impressive flavor profiles. Because they mature and grow slower than those grown at lower elevations and are therefore more dense, which results in a stronger coffee with a more pronounced and consistent flavor. This unique quality makes SHG and SHB arabica the preferred type of coffee for roasters who want to create a unique cup.

Cool Climate

The tropical zone spanning the tropics of Cancer and Capricorn, also known as the coffee belt is one of the most sought-after coffee growing regions. High grown arabica coffee beans are produced in these mountainous regions where the low altitudes and cool climate provide the perfect conditions for the plant to thrive.

Arabica plants are tolerant of a variety of conditions of climate, but their optimal growth occurs in subtropical areas with cool nights and warm days. This unique climate allows the plant to create complex flavors that communicate the freedom. It's these flavors that make the coffee we drink so distinctive.

While the low-elevation coffees lining the instant coffee aisles at your local supermarket may grow quickly, experts and aficionados alike realize that these coffees are less bitter and flavorful than specialty coffee beans grown at higher elevations. In fact the majority of coffee consumed in the world is high-elevation.

The finest indigenous arabica coffee beans coffee beans are said to be grown between 3000 and 6,500 feet above sea level. The combination of high altitude, cool climate and fertile soil is what makes these beans unique and delicious.

Coffee farmers are always looking for the ideal conditions for soil that will encourage the growth of top-quality arabica coffee plants. The soil should be rich in humus and have a smooth texture that drains well. This kind of soil is ideal for growing arabica because it promotes the development of healthy roots and helps minimize the risk of plant diseases.

Coffee farms prefer the cool climate and has a distinct dry season. These conditions allow the plants to grow more slowly and result in an even more dense and flavorful bean.

Well-Drained Soil

Unlike the low-elevation species that are grown to produce mass quantities and line the aisles of grocery stores The high-quality arabica coffee beans arabica beans are sought-after by aficionados due to their rich and sophisticated flavor. The coffee plants are protected under tall canopy trees, and the nutrient-rich volcanic soil provides ideal growing conditions for these unique beans. The soil is able to allow the roots to absorb the nutrients they need however, it also drains quickly to avoid stagnant puddles of water that limit the growth of the roots and oxygen intake.

The Arabian coffee plant has a long taproot and shallow fibrous roots which spread outwards between 3 and 4 feet. (0.9-1.2m). The flowers are small, white, and fragrant and are known as cherries. The drupes contain two seeds inside and are ripe when they're red or purple in colour. The plant's ability to self-fertilize and doesn't require cross pollination to produce fruit.

The cooler climate at higher elevations slows the growth cycle, allowing beans to mature more slowly and develop deeper flavors. This produces a coffee that is more affluent and complex, with a more pronounced flavor than coffees grown at lower altitudes.

At high altitudes the temperatures are cooler and the air is more humid. The cooler climate is ideal for sensitive growth of the coffee plant and helps to ward off the spread of diseases and pests that plague lower-elevation plants.

Due to the unique soil and climate characteristics high-altitude coffee farms are able to produce more beans than low-elevation farms. This is the reason you'll typically find these top coffee beans in specialty cafes as well as top coffee roasters.

When you plant your own highland arabica coffee beans plant be aware of the requirements of your particular plant and select a soil mix that aligns with those needs. Avoid commercial mixes that may be too heavy in ingredients and don't allow the roots of your plant to thrive. Incorporate compost or other organic matter to increase water retention without creating a concrete-like texture. Water your plant only when the soil is dry to the touch. Avoid drowning or over-watering, which could cause root rot.

Unique Flavors

The unique flavor profile makes arabica beans highly sought-after. They are more affluent and nuanced than other coffee types, with notes of chocolate, caramel fruit and flowers. The careful cultivation and roasting beans results in a smoother and sweeter taste. These beans also contain less caffeine and acidity than other varieties and are therefore less bitter and easier to drink.

Arabica beans are grown in mountainous regions of the world that are part of the Coffee Belt. The Coffee Belt is a tropical region that extends 30 degrees to the north or south of the Equator. The finest beans are grown in this region. The coffee plants are planted in volcanic and other rich soils, and produce small fruits that are referred to as coffee cherries.

These cherries contain two seeds within them. As the seeds mature, they are separated from their fleshy outer layer and roasted to make coffee. Arabica coffee beans are considered to be premium blend arabica coffee beans because they are typically more expensive than other varieties, and they possess a distinct flavor.

The altitude where arabica beans grow is among the major factors that influences their quality and taste. The cool climate, fertile volcanic soils, and the cooler climate make arabica beans taste much better than beans grown at lower elevation. The higher elevations have a positive impact on the maturation process of the coffee beans. The cooler temperatures slow down the growth cycle of the beans, giving them time to mature.

Each region has its own unique flavor and characteristic. The arabica beans of Central America are known to have a balanced and balanced composition, with a light body. The beans from Ethiopia and Kenya on the contrary, are noted for their sweet-savory taste. These distinctive tastes are due to fact that each country and region has its own unique soil type. Certain soils can hold water well and result in a full, chocolaty taste, while others have a sandy texture which makes the coffee taste lighter.